TM 5-6630-215-12
Buffer (reagent) solutions:
Buffer solutions are equilibrium sys-
tems containing substances which, within limits, neutralize added
acids or bases.
Burette (Buret):
This is a graduated tube for measuring liquid vol-
umes or granular substances.
Calibrate:
To determine the corrections to be made in the readings
of instruments or test equipment used in precise measurements.
Con-
sists of the comparison of two instruments, one of which is a certified
standard of known accuracy, to detect and adjust any discrepancy in
the accuracy of the instrument being compared with the certified
standard.
Coagulate:
To produce agglomeration of suspended solids in water
in order to induce faster settling or more efficient fltration thru
addition of such chemicals as Ferric Chloride, Alum or Polyelectrolytes.
End Points:
That instance at which an anticipated chemical change
or reaction takes place because of a change in conditions or because
of the addition of chemical solutions.
Ground Water:
Surface water which filters thru the upper layers of
earth to collect at a lower layer.
Commonly collected from a shallow
well, using a pump.
Indicator:
A Chemical Solution added to water which changes color
to indcate a change in the condition of the water, e.g. during a
titration procedure.
Inspect:
To determine serviceability of an item by comparing the
physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics with established
standards.
Interferences: When testing for a particular element, another ele-
ment or compound present in the sample will cause an error in the
result.
Lacrimal
(Lacrymal):
Relating to, or being, the glands that pro-
duce tears.
Meniscus:
A curvature in a liquid top level in a measuring tube
caused by an affinity to the tube material by the liquid.
See figure
2-2.
Organic Growth:
Usually simple life forms which multiply under
favorable environmental conditions when the water is not sterile.
Examples lichens, moss, grass.
Precipitate:
A solid which forms when a substance held in solution
passes out of solution into a solid form.
Raw Water:
Any water convenient to troops in the field being con-
sidered for their use.
Its source may be a lake, stream, well, cis-
tern or other.
G-2
