WARNINGTM 5-6630-215-12(a) Mixing Water Samples.The following two methods may behelpful in tests where it is necessary to mix the water sample withchemicals (usually indicated by the instructions, “Swirl to mix”).1.When mixing is done in a square sample cell, theswirling motion is attained by a simple twisting motion as shown infigure 2-1.This is done by grasping the neck of the cell with thethumb and index finger of one hand while resting the concave bottom ofthe cell on the tip of the index finger on the other hand.Rotate thecell quickly, first one way and then the other, to mix the samples.2.A swirling motion is also recommended when the mixingtakes place in a graduated cylinder or a titration flask.In thiscase, however, grip the cylinder (or flask) firmly with the tips ofthree fingers (fig. 2-1).Hold the cylinder at a 45 degree angle andtwist the wrist.This motion will move the cylinder in an approxi-mately 12-inch circle, thereby giving liquids an intense rotationwhich accomplished complete mixing in a few turns.(b) Reading the Meniscus.When small sample quantities areused, the accuracy of the measurements is very important.Figure 2-2illustrates the proper way of reading the sample level or themeniscus formed when the liquid wets the cylinder or pipet walls.Never pipet chemical solutions or unknown watersamples by mouth.Figure 2-1.Swirling Techniques2-4
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