ARMY TM 10-4610-309-14
MARINE CORPS TM 10802A-14/1
TACTICAL WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEM (TWPS)
0003 00
DESCRIPTION AND THEORY OF OPERATION
THEORY OF OPERATION
Adaptor Assembly A-02 connects the discharge outlet of the first pump to the appropriate discharge
pressure (flexible) hose. The "appropriate" hose is determined by the deployment arrangement used.
The list below identifies the possible raw water pump, cyclone, adaptor, and hose arrangements.
Diesel Engine-Driven Pump P-1 → Adaptor Assembly A-02 → up to four sections of two-in. diameter,
fifty-ft. long, discharge hose
Electric Motor-Driven Pump P-2 → Adaptor Assembly A-02 → up to two sections of two-in. diameter,
fifty-ft. long, discharge hose
Diesel Engine-Driven Pump P-1 → Adaptor Assembly A-02 → up to four sections of two-in. diameter,
fifty-ft. long, discharge hose → Electric Motor-Driven Pump P-2 → Adaptor Assembly A-04 → two-in.
diameter, six-ft. long, discharge hose → cyclone separator → up to two sections of two-in. diameter,
fifty-ft. long discharge hose
Adaptor Assembly A-02 includes Priming (Vent) Valve V-102 and a priming discharge hose.
Adaptor Assembly A-05 is connected to the discharge end of the last section of two-in. diameter, fifty-ft.
long hose. A two-in. diameter, ten-ft. long, suction (rigid) hose is connected at the discharge end of
Adaptor Assembly A-05 and discharges into the MF feed tank. Adaptor Assembly A-05 includes Raw
Water Flow Valve V-107. Raw Water Flow Valve V-107 is manually set to adjust the flow of raw water to
a rate that will maintain the proper MF feed tank level.
After the raw water system is deployed, the first raw water pump (the pump closest to the source) is
primed by removing the priming hose from Adaptor Assembly A-02, opening the Priming Valve V-102,
and filling the pump with water from the priming pitcher. The priming hose is then re-connected and the
first pump is started. Depending on the suction lift and the condition of the pump, the pump will evacuate
air from the suction hose and lift water from the source in as little as a few minutes to as long as 15
minutes. Once the air is evacuated from the suction hose and water is observed, Priming Valve V-102 is
closed. If a second pump is used, the second pump is started after the first pump (P-1) has pressurized
the discharge hose to the second pump (P2). Raw water flows from the pump discharge to the MF feed
tank. The operator adjusts flow to the MF feed tank as needed to keep the tank at least half full, but not
overflowing. Flow is set by adjusting Raw Water Flow Valve V-107. If flow is temporarily not needed, the
motor-driven pump is stopped. If the engine-driven pump is used, this pump may be left running at idle,
but the Priming (Vent) Valve V-102 at the discharge of the pump is opened to prevent the pump from
overheating.
If raw water is drawn from a chlorinated water source, a static mixer is installed between the suction hose
and the inlet of Adaptor Assembly A-05. The static mixer becomes the injection point for sodium bisulfite
from a chemical injection system. Chlorinated water will rapidly damage the MF filter membranes and
slowly degrade the RO elements. Sodium bisulfite is injected into and thoroughly mixed with the raw
water in the static mixer before the water is discharged into the MF feed tank. Sodium bisulfite
neutralizes chlorine and protects the MF filters and RO elements. The chemical injection system is
described in more detail in this WP under the heading Chemical Injection System.
0003 00-5
